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Wire diameter (d) Mean diameter (D) Free height (H0) Active coils (n) Total coils (n1) Stiffness (k) Maximum working load (Fmax) Fatigue life
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Design Define max working load, stroke and installation height clearly Control slenderness ratio; add guide for ratio >3 Choose end type: Closed and ground (high precision), closed unground, open Verify maximum working stress and fatigue stre...
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Core Challenges Stiffness-load matching: Precise parameter calculation, ±5% load tolerance required Fatigue life optimization: Avoid stress concentration, material selection critical Buckling control: Slenderness ratio (free height/mean d...
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By Structure Standard cylindrical: Most common, uniform load, low cost, general applications Variable-diameter (conical, tower, barrel): Larger deflection in limited space, anti-resonance Variable-pitch: Non-linear stiffness, ideal for variable-...
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