o Subdivided into flat wire compression springs, flat wire extension springs and flat wire torsion springs. They are formed by helically coiling flat wire, and serve as the mainstream upgraded alternative to round wire coil springs.
o Key features: 30%–50% higher load capacity under identical installation space, lower solid height when closed, more uniform stress distribution and longer fatigue life.
o Typical applications: automotive valve trains, clutch assemblies, industrial molds, heavy-duty actuators, high-pressure valves.
o A specialized derivative of flat wire compression springs. Each coil features multiple wave-shaped bends, and elastic force is generated through axial compression.
o Key features: working height is approximately 50% lower than standard coil springs at equivalent load, with extremely high radial space efficiency and lighter weight.
o Typical applications: bearing preloading, sealing systems, aerospace precision assemblies, micro motors, medical devices.
o Formed by winding flat strip material into a planar spiral shape. They store and release energy through torsional deformation to output torque or constant force.
o Subdivided into constant force springs, power springs, clock springs and brush springs, enabling long-stroke constant force output or rotational reset.
o Typical applications: tape measures, cable retraction mechanisms, lifting balance systems, mechanical timers, motor brush pressure mechanisms.
o Formed from single or stacked flat stock, available in cantilever or simply supported beam configurations, generating elastic force through transverse bending deformation.
o Key features: simple structure, easy installation, integrable with snap-fit and positioning features, suitable for precise force control in small-stroke scenarios.
o Typical applications: electrical switch contacts, relays, precision fixtures, automotive connectors, small pressing mechanisms.
o A special category of flat-type springs stamped from metal sheet into a conical disc shape, usable individually or in stacked combinations.
o Key features: extremely high load output with minimal axial deformation; adjustable force and stroke via stacked combinations, with strong shock and vibration absorption capacity.
o Typical applications: bolt preloading, safety valves, clutches, heavy machine tools, wind power equipment.